Certified Pulmonary Function Technologist (CPFT) Practice Exam

What role does ethylene oxide play in sterilization?

1. It is used as a liquid disinfectant.

2. It serves as a gaseous sterilant.

3. It acts as a surface cleaning agent.

4. It is used for UV sterilization.

The correct answer is: It serves as a gaseous sterilant.

Ethylene oxide is primarily recognized as a gaseous sterilant that plays a crucial role in the sterilization of medical equipment and supplies. Its effectiveness stems from its ability to penetrate various materials, particularly those that cannot withstand high temperatures or moisture that are typical in steam sterilization processes. When ethylene oxide gas is introduced to the sterilization chamber, it interacts with the microorganisms present on the items being sterilized, disrupting their cellular processes and thereby effectively eliminating them. This gas is especially valuable for sterilizing heat-sensitive items like plastics and electronic devices, which might be adversely affected by traditional sterilization methods. In addition to its penetration capabilities, ethylene oxide is also known for its ability to sterilize complex instruments, ensuring a high level of assurance in the removal of viable microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This makes it a preferred method in many healthcare settings where sterilization needs to be maintained without compromising the integrity of the materials used in medical devices. The other options refer to methods or agents that do not align with the properties of ethylene oxide in sterilization, either focusing on incorrect applications or types of cleaning processes that do not achieve the comprehensive sterilization quality provided by ethylene oxide gas.